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题目描述
给你一个字符串 s 、一个字符串 t 。返回 s 中涵盖 t 所有字符的最小子串。如果 s 中不存在涵盖 t 所有字符的子串,则返回空字符串 "" 。
注意:
对于 t 中重复字符,我们寻找的子字符串中该字符数量必须不少于 t 中该字符数量。
如果 s 中存在这样的子串,我们保证它是唯一的答案。
示例 1:
复制代码
- 输入:s = "ADOBECODEBANC", t = "ABC"
- 输出:"BANC"
- 解释:最小覆盖子串 "BANC" 包含来自字符串 t 的 'A'、'B' 和 'C'。
示例 2:
复制代码
- 输入:s = "a", t = "a"
- 输出:"a"
- 解释:整个字符串 s 是最小覆盖子串。
示例 3:
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- 输入: s = "a", t = "aa"
- 输出: ""
- 解释: t 中两个字符 'a' 均应包含在 s 的子串中,因此没有符合条件的子字符串,返回空字符串。
个人C++解答
GYL
屎山代码且超时:
考虑和上一道题相同思路,创建哈希表进行查找,利用滑动窗口依次判断,但是超时了;
复制代码
- class Solution {
- public:
- string minWindow(string s, string t) {
- if (s.size() < t.size())
- return "";
- if (s.size() == 1 && t.size() == 1) {
- if (s.compare(t) == 0)
- return s;
- else
- return "";
- }
- unordered_map<char, int> myMap;
- for (char w : t) myMap[w]++;
- int left = 0, right = 0;
- bool first = true,find_one = false;
- string result = s;
- string TempStr = "";
- unordered_map TempMap(myMap);
- while (right < s.size()) {
- if (first) {
- if (myMap.find(s[right]) != myMap.end()){
- find_one = true;
- TempMap[s[right]]--;
- }
- TempStr.push_back(s[right]);
- if (TempMap[s[right]] <= 0)
- TempMap.erase(s[right]);
- } else {
- TempStr.push_back(s[right]);
- if (s[right] == s[left - 1]) {
- TempMap.clear();
- }
- }
- if (TempMap.empty()) {
- result = TempStr.size() <= result.size() ? TempStr : result;
- first = false;
- for (int i = left; i <= right; i++) {
- if (myMap.find(s[i]) != myMap.end()) {
- TempMap[s[i]]++;
- }
- }
- while (left < right) {
- if (myMap.find(s[left]) != myMap.end()) {
- TempMap[s[left]]--;
- if (TempMap[s[left]] < myMap[s[left]])
- break;
- }
- left++;
- TempStr = TempStr.substr(1);
- }
- left++;
- if (TempStr.size() >= t.size())
- result = TempStr.size() <= result.size() ? TempStr : result;
- TempStr = TempStr.substr(1);
- }
- right++;
- }
- if(first&&!TempMap.empty())
- return "";
- return result=find_one==true ?result:"";
- }
- };
GPT优化
复制代码
- class Solution {
- public:
- string minWindow(string s, string t) {
- // Edge case: If s is shorter than t, it's impossible to have a valid window
- if (s.size() < t.size())
- return "";
- // Count the frequency of characters in t
- unordered_map<char, int> t_count;
- for (char c : t) {
- t_count[c]++;
- }
- // Sliding window variables
- unordered_map<char, int> window_count;
- int have = 0, need = t_count.size(); // have: number of characters meeting the requirement
- int left = 0, right = 0;
- int min_length = INT_MAX, min_left = 0;
- // Expand the window by moving the right pointer
- while (right < s.size()) {
- char c = s[right];
- window_count[c]++;
- if (t_count.find(c) != t_count.end() && window_count[c] == t_count[c]) {
- have++;
- }
- // Contract the window by moving the left pointer
- while (have == need) {
- // Update the minimum window
- if (right - left + 1 < min_length) {
- min_length = right - left + 1;
- min_left = left;
- }
- // Remove the leftmost character from the window
- window_count[s[left]]--;
- if (t_count.find(s[left]) != t_count.end() && window_count[s[left]] < t_count[s[left]]) {
- have--;
- }
- left++;
- }
- right++;
- }
- // If no valid window was found, return an empty string
- if (min_length == INT_MAX) {
- return "";
- }
- return s.substr(min_left, min_length);
- }
- };